1. while 当……时 引导时间状语从句 从句的动作是进行的，或延续的
While I was doing my homework, my mother was cooking.
Can you look after my dog while I am away.
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
While I was doing my homework, our teacher came in.
2. when
I was doing homework when our teacher came in.
语法： 过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻，正在进行的动作。
构成 主语 + be (were, was ) doing
What were you doing at 8:00 yesterday?
I was watching TV at that time.
3. on the floor 在地板上
4. everywhere = here and there
5. put...into 把……放在……里
put on 穿上， 戴上 上演
put up 举起， 搭建， 张贴
put away 把……收好
6. We both tried to get the coins.
Both of us tried to get the coins.
7. too ..+ adj / adv +to do 太……而不能
He is too young to go to school .
The box is too heavy to carry.
语法： 过去完成时 表示 “ 过去的过去”
构成 had + 过去分词
When I got to the station, the train had already left.
8. three times 三次， 三倍
9. change 变化 physical change 物理变化
change into 变成………
10. as 正当……时
作为 as a student
因为 As I don’t know where the hotel is, I ask a policeman.
一边……一边 He sings as he dances.
随着 , 按照
11. so far 到目前为止
延续性动词以及瞬间性动词
动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。
例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year?
二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;
例:He died 5 years ago.
否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks
三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out， put on→ wear；catch a cold →have a cold等。 例:The old man died 4 years ago. ----The old man has been dead for 4 years. ---- It is 4 years since the old man died. ----Four years has passed since the old man died. He joined the Party 2 years ago. -----He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago. ---- I have had the book for 5 days.
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